Law & Ciminology, Victimisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Law & Ciminology, Victimisation - Essay Example imple words, no act can be considered a crime, irrespective of how immoral or damaging it may be, unless it has been made criminal by state legislation. This conceptualisation appears straightforward enough. However, it tells us very little about the processes through which certain harmful acts and victims usually come to be identified and recognised as part of the crime problem while others remain hidden. A critical approach to the study of crime and its impact on individuals and society hence requires a reflection on the exact definition of crime, construction of legal conceptions and its victims. Apparently, victims play a major role in initiating the criminal justice process. Without them, much of the work of the criminal justice process would come to a halt. Shapland (1986) asserts that â€Å"the numbers and types of cases entering the system and thereby eventually providing the workload for the courts, prison service and other conventional agencies, appear largely to be determined by the reporting behaviour of victims and witnesses, not action initiated by the police† (p. 210). The fact that only a fraction of crime is reported to and recorded by the police, combined with low clear-up rates, means that only a small proportion of offences ever reach the court. In all these cases, victim experiences can be prolonged and complex. An incident that occurred in perhaps a few minutes can become the subject of a series of inquiries that may last months or years after the event. Victims who come to court expecting that a trial will be an assertion of their wrongs can find that their probity is on trial as well. In Britain, the role of victims within the criminal justice process is mainly confined to reporting the crime and/or providing evidence. The significance of the victims role in these areas is compounded by the fact that the vast majority of offences come to police attention through a victims report rather than through patrolling activities.

Business Intelligence Table of contacts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Intelligence Table of contacts - Essay Example Technology helps develop the basis of business intelligence as its availability is the actual platform upon which business intelligence is based. What this suggests is the fact that the technological regimes would manifest a solid meaning and implication for the different processes to be completed within the business intelligence ranks. Whether or not technology comes out here as a significant tool is for the understanding of the people who are behind such an exercise. This is important because technological changes and amendments need to be incorporated within the business intelligence realms and without the incorporation of the same, there would not be any success for the sake of the business intelligence in the long run (Fuld, 1991). A number of renowned technological giants like IBM, HP and Microsoft are devising business intelligence software and tools to tackle the business related issues within a globally changing organizational climate. The role of the people and the processe s within business intelligence is such that they form the vital link through which work gets done. The business intelligence would not be termed as such if the people and their processes are not apt and in line with the changing requirements of the time. They have to incorporate the role of the technology and therefore take care of the impending issues.

Terrorism And The Society

Terrorism And The Society HYPOTHESIS: Terrorism is a forceful and unlawful method to achieve the desired goal. Its sole motive is to overthrow the existing law and order machinery. It is a deliberate use of violence against civilians and armed personnel and the state. INTRODUCTION Before we get into Terrorism and its effects on Society, we must clearly understand what terrorism means. Terrorism isnt a new term, and though it has been used since the beginning of recorded history, it is still relatively hard to define. It has been described both, as a tactic and a strategy; a crime and a holy duty; a justified reaction to oppression and an inexcusable abomination. It is quite obvious that a lot depends on from whose point of view the term is being explained. Terrorism is often an effective tactic for the weaker side in a conflict. Being asymmetric form of conflict, it is able to confer coercive power with many advantages of military force at a much lower cost. The small size and secretive nature of terrorist organizations are the reasons why they often offer opponents no clear organization to defend against or to deter. Terrorism has, in some cases, been a method to carry on a conflict without the opponent realizing the nature of the threat, mistaking terrorism for criminal activity. Due to these attributes, terrorism has become increasingly common among those pursuing extreme goals throughout the world. But despite its popularity, terrorism can be a vague and hazy concept. Terrorism is a criminal act that influences an audience beyond the immediate victim. The terrorists have a strategy. That is, to commit acts of violence that draws the attention of the local people, the government, and the world to their cause. The planning of their attacks is such as to obtain the greatest publicity and to choose targets that symbolize what they oppose. It is not the terrorist act itself that gives effectiveness to the act, but rather the public or governments reaction to the act. For example, in the 1972 Munich Olympics, the Black September Organization killed 11 Israelis. Even though the Israelis were the immediate victims, the true target was the estimated one billion people watching the event on television. There are three basic perspectives of terrorism, namely, the victims, the general publics, and the terrorists. The phrase one mans terrorist is another mans freedom fighter is a view that terrorists themselves would accept. They do not see themselves as evil. They believe themselves to be licensed soldiers, fighting for what they believe in, by whatever means possible. A victim of a terrorist act sees the terrorist as an offender, a felon, a criminal with no regard for human life. The general publics view is the most unstable. India has been affected more by terrorism than other countries. India has faced more significant terrorist attacks than most countries in recent times, and the attacks on the Mumbai commuter rail system makes the fact clear that the threat of terrorism still persists. India, like other countries, has responded by enacting special antiterrorism laws. In the aftermath of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and the attacks soon thereafter on the Jammu Kashmir Assembly and the Indian Parliament buildings, India enacted the Prevention of Terrorism Act of 2002 (POTA). POTA incorporated many of the provisions found the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act of 1985, an earlier law that remained in effect until 1995. While POTA was potentially repealed in 2004, cases pending at the time of repeal have proceeded. The government has preserved some of POTAs key provisions by reenacting them as amendments to the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act of 1967. Some of the commonly agreed characteristics of a terrorist movement are: 1) Violence 2) Psychological impact and fear 3) Perpetrated for a political goal 4) Deliberate targeting of non-combatants 5) Unlawfulness or legitimacy REVIEW OF LITERATURE Colonial Continuities: Human Rights, Terrorism and Security Laws in India is an article written by Anil Kalhan. It examines Indias anti-terrorism and other security laws. POTA and other Indian antiterrorism laws have raised a host of human rights issues, some of which are similar to those raised by antiterrorism laws in other countries, including the United States. Such concerns include, overly broad and ambiguous definitions of terrorism that fail to satisfy the principle of legality. Global Terrorism and Major Indian Legislations as the name suggests is an article on terrorism that explains the meaning of global terrorism and how the Indian Government is trying to fight against terrorism by making laws etc. It examines how effectively provisions in the Indian Penal Code, 1860 can deal with offences related to global terrorism. From Socio-economic imbalance to Terrorism-The Case of North East India is an article written by Siddhartha Mitra. It sheds light on the causation that has led to the association between high incidence of terrorist activity and the low level of affluence in the North East region. An imbalance is also created by the high level of literacy which facilitates the creation of discontented politically motivated terrorist groups as a reaction to the mentioned outcomes. OBJECTIVE The series of bomb-blasts in India, (Bangalore, Ahmedabad, Delhi, Mumbai and now Pune) and the less publicized killings in Kashmir, Orissa, Assam, Gujarat, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, seems to be part of a pre-planned and calculated program of terror-generation by various fundamentalist groups. These disruptive forces must be resisted and while standing united as Indians, we should think of strategies and tactics for promoting peace and eliminating terrorism from India.. With this intention, I am attempting to elicit, compile and analyse peoples views and ideas on how best to deal with this imminent threat. My objective is to create a useful document that will reflect the perceptions of citizens on the causes of terrorism and the concrete steps required to be taken to promote peace. SURVEY The people answering the questions preferred to remain anonymous, I have interviewed eight people, asking them FIVE basic questions, being: 1. How can we fight against Terrorism? 2. Is the government in denial about Terrorism in India? 3. Do we all agree that Terrorism is he outcome of Religious Teachings? 4. How can we stop Terrorism? 5. Does our country need strong laws to fight terrorism? 1.HOW CAN WE FIGHT AGAINST TERRORISM? 1.The government should start a separate department like the CBI and the Defense and President of India should control this department. This department should have all the powers to arrest anybody who is a suspect. Media should be kept away from this department so that media leaks no information. And common man should not fear these attacks, it is easy to say but following is not easy. 2. A fight against terrorism can be combated only by developing a collective conscience of religious tolerance and a focus on human rights conscience 3.Make every body educated from childhood that terrorism will never lead to any solution. 4. 1) By countering and prevention of attacks or possible attacks by force when and where possible to the maximum extent. As terrorists by nature are afraid and they are trying to use their fear for work for them. Enlighten their fear to an extend that they would think twice before they take up weapons 2)By opening ways of peace at the same time and trying to find a solution for the future if possible, but then again this is a game not of today but the future. This requires planning. A well planned and well executed operation of peace or war seldom fail. 4) Provide social security and livelihood means to the youth of the country so that they do not take up anti-nationalism as a means fro daily bread. 5) Educate people, for a well-educated person is less likely to be fooled by the utopian ideas of terrorist campaigners. 5. First foremost we have to possess a full fledged anti terrorist mind within ourselves. Where ever whenever we find any small activity of terrorism we have to raise our voice against it together, not alone create a fear in the evil minds devil terrorists instead of being scared of their killing attitude activities. This can only be possible if we stand united with full support of police govt. administration. To stop any such unsocial activities the whole country has to protest together put an end to TERRORISM. 6. By eradicating the differences of castes, creeds, community, reservations, unemployment etc. from the society and by educating the youth about the self esteem, self-reliance, self-motivation, self-sufficiency, etc. 7. Educating one all, then spreading awareness with providing financial security to every one, we can definitely remove terrorism. 8. Terrorism is a problem and any problem can be finished if we identify its root and act on it. So far no one is able to achieve this because all of us are acting on Terrorism with a motive to kill the terrorist but this may be impossible. In fact we should find the cause for why are people joining the terror outfits and should solve their resentments. Terrorism should in fact be solved with talks and not weapons. They attack us and then we do and then do it again and the cycle goes on. So blood with blood is not the solution. 2.IS THE GOVERNMENT IN DENIAL ABOUT TERRORISM IN INDIA? 1. The Government is always in denial mood about terrorism. The politicians are utilizing terrorism for their political benefit. So for them it can be defined as agitation to facilitate their purpose of winning seats and form Govt. Long live Terrorism but deny that those are within the purview of terrorism so long they help to retain political power this is the mood of the Government. It is clear from their activities. 2. Yes, as it could be seen by the fact that even after repeated terrorist attacks in Hyderabad, the Central Government has not finalized or even initialized a pan India Law dealing with such stupid acts. Also there is a desperate need for a more efficient Intelligence Agency. 3. This government is not at all serious about the terrorism. They dont want to implement any good laws against the terrorist and also removed POTA. This indicates the bad game played by this government behind the scenes. 4. No. Rather Government has set up anti-terrorist squads across the country in strategic fields. In Police, Military everywhere theyve these squads working. Further, what about Laws? Our Indian parliament passed many laws to deal with the situations. India is one of those countries, which are facing terrorism. 5. The Government is not in denial about terrorism. It has shown great activeness in the Kashmir issue. But the real thing is that the government is ignoring the maintenance of a spy system. 6. No. It is rather in a state of blissful ignorance. They know very well that the threat of terrorism is real and has been here for a long time. What the government doesnt know now is that the general public is getting wise to this. They still peddle clichà ©d responses to such attacks in the belief that we, the new age Indian Citizens, are not aware of the reality. Vote bank politics is the prime culprit if you ask me. Everything in this country is being given the colour and shape of communalism and minority bashing. If loss of so many lives in recent times is not enough for the mandarins and politicos to kick into action, I only wonder what will be. The mere thought of it gives me a shudder. 7. Yes, I thoroughly believe that Indian politics is not taking ample measures to correct the state of terrorism in the country. We always think that North East is the worst affected area but the bigger picture that we are neglecting is the expansion of the red corridor. Yes, its the Naxalism that is now affecting India from within India. Other than the terrorism from outside, see the condition of the states of Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh. Our government is more busy on fighting over petty issues with Pakistan while they are not monitoring the internal insecurity and disrupt that is coming up strongly. 8. Government is doing their duty but still have to take some strong steps. 3.DO WE ALL AGREE THAT TERRORISM IS THE OUTCOME OF RELIGIOUS TEACHINGS? 1. Terrorism is nothing but ignorance of religion. 2. No religion teaches terrorism, but people practice terrorism in the name of religion 3. I strongly disagree that terrorism is the outcome of religious teaching, as every religion teaches peace and a way of making this world a better place to live. Terrorism is due to some corrupt people who use religion as their mask. 4. No, I do not agree fully. Religious fanaticism could be one of the factors of terrorism but there are other factors as well. Now almost all backward tribes are coming up with their legitimate demands that their lands be returned to them and getting no positive response, the youth took to Arms. The creation of ULFA was also on the similar note. This is not an unknown fact that the entire North East Region has been being treated with the step motherly attitude and negligence from the Center. There is a limit of everything. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Secondly Governments failure to tackle the unemployment problem also added to the woes. Like this there are numerous causes that Terrorism finally got a shape and the blame goes to the ruling Govt. 5. It is not religion. It is power. Religion is just a reason behind the terrorism, No religion in this world preaches terrorism. Terrorists are just preaching their religion known to be terrorism. 6. No. Though it seems so, it is not so. No religion teaches hatred for other human beings. No religion teaches terrorism. All the religions teach love and brotherhood. 7. Actually terrorism should not be compared with any religion because terrorism has no religions. Terrorists do not believe in any religion but they just take the name of religion and do all terrorists activities everywhere. Hindu 8. This is one of many independent factors. But, look at LTTE, Naxalists, and Maoists all politically motivated hence aiming at only police and administration. This is no justification. They still stand cruel. 4.HOW CAN WE STOP TERRRORISM? 1.Spread love. What is the reason of terror? I think it needs great research and work. There is a big need to understand basic grounds and cause for it. And yes, our legal and political system is very important for it. Timely action and justice is very important. 2. Everyone should be a paragon of virtue, an ambassador of goodwill and a mentor of humanity. Try to follow the adage Charity begins at home. If you can cleanse your personal atmosphere, proceed to a larger section, the society and the community. Then move on to the Nation. If everyone makes a simple enough attempt, the society can be free of terrorism. 3. Government has to give police and defense forces more power. Separate department should be there which monitors only terrorists and their activities. This action force will only attend the cases, which are related to terrorism and stop the terror in the country. This body will be only controlled by the President of India and Chief Justice of Supreme court, no other MPs or ruling party has any say to this department. In this way one can bring down the terrorism to some extent. 4. There should not be any leniency towards these terrorist out laws and our security forces are to be given a free hand to engage them, and destroy them, for the crores of peaceful citizens of India to live safely without any fear. There should not be any political interference in this matter. 5. By not indulging politics religion in the fundamental book of law. 6. Empower and educate people. Create more potent terror laws. Involve the media 7. Terrorism can be stopped by public awareness as well applying POTA. 8. Monitoring these groups closely for signs of illegal activity. 5.DOES OUR COUNTRY NEED STRONG LAWS TO FIGHT TERRORISM? 1.Our Law is already powerful. Anyhow, we have to seal the holes in it. The terrorism problem is not only in India, its happened all over the World. Its against mankind. So we need strictly different approaches to eradicate this evil 2. Yes it does. 3. Stronger anti-terror measures are needed to combat homegrown militants. 4. We do not need a MISA, TADA or POTA. They are inhuman in nature. The present laws if used properly can deal with terrorism. 5. The existing laws are good enough. The problem is with the entire system. There has to be unbiased people working in our police, intelligence and defence department without a political agenda and without their own religious beliefs coming in the way of dealing with terror. Then and only then will we be able to wipe terrorism out, else we will push innocent victims towards terrorism. 6. We have very strong laws, but all the citizens and specially politicians must be faithful to the Nation to help solve the problem. 7. No. We do not require any more laws. Law cannot control terrorism. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨Instead it can be developed by better discipline. If you and me start to follow discipline, the question of TERROR will not appear à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¨in the minds of the people 8.Yes, we do need strong laws to fight terrorism. ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION AND REMEDIAL MEASURES. From the above Survey we find, Terrorism is a great threat to our society in general. Different people have different opinions as to the ways in which terrorism can be countered. Everyone agrees that the law is essential to help control terrorism. Some believe that the existing laws are good enough as long as the Government does its duty and implements them properly, while others are of the opinion that stronger laws are required to fight terrorism. In the present day and age, people are aware that religion isnt the CAUSE of terrorism. It is merely an excuse used by the terrorists. Many blame the corrupt practices of the government and other powerful persons for the rise in terrorist activities. The negligence and suffering experienced by the terrorists in their childhood, or even later in in life have, in the opinions of some people, lead them to commit such evils. Terrorism poses a great threat to the law and order machinery of the state and leads to disintegration of society. The incidence of torture, extortion, murder, arson, kidnapping and mutilation, create an atmosphere of panic, fear and suspicion. Terrorists kill innocent, unarmed civilians. Life becomes uncertain. Violence and organized crime cause social disharmony. There is an end to economic development and heavy expenditure has to be made by the government to meet the challenges of terrorism. Facets of society, from freedom of religious expression to physical and political control over a region, are sought to be changed by terrorists. However, differences between societies results in different definitions of terrorism and great differences in characterizations of groups or individuals as terrorists. The pain, terror and sadness, the whole impact of terrorism has been difficult for people living around it and has invoked governments to raise their efforts to control terrorism. After the terrorist attacks in Mumbai in 2008, Indian Spiritual Guru, His Holiness Sri Sri Ravi Shankar said, This terrorist attack has left Indians in the grip of fear and anxiety. In this situation, religious and political leaders need to show the country that we stand together against terrorism. In order to remedy terrorism, we must inculcate a broader perspective of life, more than race, religion or nationality. We must educate people in human values of friendliness, compassion, cooperation and upliftment. We must help cultivate confidence in achieving noble aims by peaceful and non-violent means and we must create spiritual upliftment that will help weed out destructive tendencies. Along with this, the government needs to be proactive, there is a need for collective public safety and security measures, stringent action has to be taken by the enforcement agencies, there is need for an apex body to collect, coordinate and analyze data and there is also need for a timely, actionable intelligence which can be provided by HUMINT. All this will not be possible without winning the public support to combat terrorism effectively. Terrorism is defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as the unofficial or unauthorized use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims. Terrorism is thus a forceful and unlawful method to achieve the desired goal. Its sole objective is to overthrow the existing law and order machinery. It is a deliberate use of violence against the civilians and armed personnel and the state. JUDICIAL RESPONSE TO TERRORISM IN INDA The Indian judiciary has been sensitive to the debate regarding the definition of Terrorist Activity. A pragmatic approach has been taken by the court to ascertain the elements of terrorism from the act allegedly committed by the accused, rather than going deep into a debate on what the exact definition of terrorism is. Even while public opinion was strongly against specialized statutes for tackling terrorism and the strong provisions of these statutes, the courts continuously upheld its constitutional validity, suggesting only some checks and balances. On the whole it can be summed up that Indian judiciary was an active partner in the countrys war against terrorism and has at all occasions risen above political and academic concerns to address the real issue of terrorism. CONCLUSION Since Independence in 1947, India has been the victim of various insurgencies and terrorism. The magnitude of attacks and their impacts have only increased over the years. Under these circumstances there is a need to include certain provisions to deal strongly and effectively with this issue in the Indian Penal Code, 1860 and the other major legislations like the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 and the Indian Evidence Act, 1872. Incorporation of a separate chapter in the Indian Penal Code that defines terrorism and other related offences could be a great step forward. Stringent and deterrent punishment could also be prescribed for such offences. The National Investigative Agency (NIA) Act, 2008 and the Prevention of Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Amendment Act 2008 are two effective legislations in this regard. One way of preventing these terrorist acts can be by reorganizing the entire Indian intelligence set up along the lines that the United States has done in the wake of the September 11 terror attacks. Thus, I conclude my paper on Terrorism and Society with what the Honourable Supreme Court of India, in Mohd. Khalid v. State of West Bengal observed. That is: Terrorism is one of the manifestations of increased lawlessness and cult of violence. Violence and crime constitute a threat to an established order and are a revolt against a civilized society. Terrorism has not been defined under TADA nor is it possible to give a precise definition of terrorism or lay down what constitutes terrorism. It may be possible to describe it as use of violence when its most important result is not merely the physical and mental damage of the victim but the prolonged psychological effect it produces or has the potential of producing on the society as a whole. There may be death, injury, or destruction of property or even deprivation of individual liberty in the process but the extent and reach of the intended terrorist activity travels beyond the effect of an ordinary crime capable of being punished under the ordinary penal law of the land and its main objective is to overawe the Government or disturb the harmony of the society or terrorize people and the society and not only those directly assaulted, with a view to disturb the even tempo, peace and tranquility of the society and create a sense of fear and insecurity.

energy :: essays research papers

First off I would like to Congratulate Ms. President on your second term, I have always supported you and what you think is best for this country. With you as president I feel that this country will be a lot safer and it will be better for the people. I also want to take the time to thank you Ms. President on picking me to help lead us out of this energy problem we are going threw. As the headman of the department of energy, I will lead us into a bright new future for this country. My plan will save us million, who knows maybe even billions down the line!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The problem that we face know is that we are running out of oil, and fast. Oil has been a big part of our energy over the last 200 years, and it has worked great, by heating our houses and running out cars. But now with oil running out fast we need to turn to a knew source of energy. One that will be more efficient, one that will be clean, one that doesn't require to be thrown away after use, one that we can make free to the public at one point, one that we can use for the rest of out lifetime.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The sun has been a big par of life, no matter where you come from or what you believe in the sun is the most important thing to us. Without this big ball of fire, there wont be any light, crops wound not be able to grow, and those who eat the crops would die because they would have no food, and those who eat the animals that eat the crops would die because there wound be any animals left, and life as we know it would come to an end. This shows you how strong the sun actually is, it has the power to end life. The sun also creates so much energy on a bright, sunny day, the sun shines approximately 1,000 watts of energy per square meter of the planet's surface. What I am proposing is that we use the sun to run the United States of America. This will be a long plan and it will take a long time to complete its goal but with patience, and a good team to work with we can pull this plan together.

Teaching Experience: What I Learned

Final Reflective Essay on Teaching and Learning I have learned three things from my student teaching experience: effective pedagogy, classroom management, and humility. In this expository essay I will briefly explain each of the above-mentioned and explain why it is important. Among foreign language teachers, there is debate about how to most effectively teach. The debate can be simplified to two pedagogical approaches; grammarbased vs. immersion-based. The grammar approach to learning a foreign language is traditional and still the dominate pedagogy in use today.If you took French, German, or Spanish in high school, this is how you were taught. The grammar approach is a mechanical approach to language-learning and has advantages and disadvantages. For example, if I am teaching a student the verb â€Å"to go,† I would write the various forms on the board: I go, you go, he/she goes, etc.. I would then direct students to practice this verb through written or spoken activities. W hen I think that I have adequately taught the verb, I would likely give a formative assessment to check student comprehension.And so it goes, piece by piece, I put together a language for my students. The advantage of this approach is that it is simple and very comprehensible. It’s like putting together a puzzle, one piece at a time. Students do not experience tremendous anxiety and do not feel lost in a sea of incomprehensible words. The principle disadvantage of this approach is that it is slow to build fluency. For those of you who took a foreign language in high school or even college, how much do you really remember now? The solution to the problem of fluency is immersion.One form of controlled immersion is called â€Å"TPRS,† and is the focus of the next few paragraphs. Language teachers and learners know that the key component to learning a foreign language is to travel abroad and live in that country. Teachers began experimenting with ways to duplicate this pow erful learning experience in the classroom, and I feel that TPRS is the most successful imitation of it to date. TPRS stands for â€Å"Total Proficiency through Reading and Storytelling. † This pedagogical technique recognizes that a class meeting five days per week for less than an hour cannot imitate a true immersion xperience because true immersion involves a 24/7 experience. Instead, TPRS imitates the most salient and valuable features of immersion. Like the grammar approach, it has advantages and disadvantages. In TPRS, the teacher selects the most critical, high-frequency words and tells a repetitive story with them. For example, if I were teaching my students the same verb â€Å"to go,† I would invent or borrow a simple, silly story. Then I would repeat â€Å"to go† over fifty times in that story. Prior to beginning the story I would briefly explain â€Å"to go† and write it on the board.Students are repeatedly exposed to important, high-frequency words in context, similar to what happens in the true immersion experience. Like the true immersion experience, TPRS builds fluency well. This better fluency is possible because the pedagogy imitates a part of the true immersion. The disadvantage to TPRS is that the grammar is delayed. A first-year TPRS student might say something weird like, â€Å"I eats peaches,† because he hasn’t yet learned that it should be said, â€Å"I eat peaches. † I conclude that TPRS is the most effective pedagogy.Compared to the traditional grammar approach, it builds fluency faster. The TPRS students I speak to report that they feel like they’re learning more and more engaged when compared to their previous grammar experiences. I believe that building fluency is the most important thing I can offer language-learners, and therefore my introduction to TPRS was the most important pedagogical event in my world. Because pragmatism is central to my teaching philosophy, I will most certainly use this technique.Classroom management is one of the most important skills a teacher can have because it really refers to whether or not the teacher has the class on-task and learning. If the class is not on-task, then learning is not taking place! I will briefly tell the story of my experience with eighth-grade students re classroom management and then explain why this knowledge is very important. When I â€Å"took the reins† of my new classroom at C R Anderson Middle School, I purposefully did not change my cooperating teacher’s procedures and routines.I thought that changing to my teaching style immediately would be too abrupt and instead gradually transitioned to my different style. Things went smoothly for several weeks†¦ students were on-task and learning. Then I completed the transition from the student’s familiar routines and procedures to mine. A week or two after all old routines and procedures were gone, I began to lose control of my s tudents. I was flabbergasted by some of the behavioral problems that appeared, often in students that had never been problematic before.I could see that I was losing them, so I tightened up discipline and started giving out detentions. Although my tighter discipline quieted the class down, it was not an effective solution because 1)I was spending class time giving out detentions and 2) they really weren’t on task, they were just more quiet. I read an excerpt from a Master Teacher’s book on classroom management (Mr. Wong) and it changed my life. I realized that the reason my students were no longer on task is because I had failed to provide them with routines and procedures. For example, I did not implement a seating chart.This was a procedure that the students were used to and its absence created a sense of anxiety that translated into classroom management problems. I re-implemented the procedures and routines that had been in place with my cooperating teacher and imme diately got my students (for the most part) back ontask. I cannot stress how important routines and procedures are for keeping students on-track and learning. Without solid classroom management, I may just as well be running a study hall. Because a teacher’s purpose is to be teaching, my acquisition of this critical skill changed my life.I owe a thanks to my cooperating teacher, Mrs. Barb Cooper, Mr. Wong, and SOE instructors for providing me with excellent classroom management materials. Lastly, I have learned humility. I am in general a confident person and take pride in being competent in my subject. Student teaching taught me that I did not know everything. I would hate to be in a profession or job where I felt like I was done learning or where I felt bored. I now know with certainty that I love teaching, and knowing that about a career before looking for a job is important.I am not the absolute best classroom manager, nor am I the absolute best at TPRS. I do, however, ha ve very good tools and experience to guide my mastery of these subjects, and I am extremely optimistic and eager to continue teaching as a professional. I am grateful to my cooperating teachers, their schools, and the SOE for the professional support and guidance they provided. The sense of humility I now possess is what allows me to continue to grow professionally, and continued growth, above all other qualities, is important to me.

History of Blackpool †growth and decline Essay

For the majority of the 19th century Blackpool was a small fishing village, which received small numbers of upper class visitors who came due to the supposed healing capabilities of the coast, and it’s fresh air. This changed in 1846 with the creation of a railway line going up to Blackpool, which made travel to the area cheap and affordable for the public. The majority of those who decided to visit Blackpool were factory workers and their families who came from cities like Liverpool and Manchester. Due to air travel being very expensive at the time and only the rich could afford to go abroad. Blackpool became the destination to go to for the working class during their holidays. Blackpool recognised their popularity and over the years constructed three new piers to house new attractions. Three new piers were constructed, named the North, Central and South Piers and were constructed in 1863, 1868 and 1893 respectively. The Winter Gardens, which was effectively an indoor mall, was set up in 1878 and housed an opera house and a theatre. The Blackpool Illuminations, which were put up a year later, and the Blackpool Tower, built in 1894, which housed a Ballroom, Circus Hall and an Aquarium, accompanied this. Due to all these attractions Blackpool became a major tourist destination. In 1930 7 million tourists came to the area and this number increased to 17 million in 1950. Blackpool’s Decline Blackpool began to enter its decline period during the mid 20th century onwards. During this time the disposable income and free time of workers started to increase. This combined with cheaper air flight tickets and package holidays meant that people could go abroad for the first time in their lives. France and Spain were the most popular destinations and over the years started to gain more and more tourists. This took away from the number of people visiting Blackpool. As an attempt to claw back tourists hotels and restaurants in the area started to dramatically decrease their prices with the aim of attracting more tourists. This ended up having the opposite effect. While more tourists did come to the area, they were more downmarket than what Blackpool used to receive. The new crowds attracted by Blackpool were seen as antisocial and unpleasant and removed the family friendly nature associated with Blackpool. The loss of families as potential tourists was a major blow to Blackpool and further added to its decline. Blackpool’s Rejuvenation Recently Blackpool has made attempts to restore its status as a popular tourist destination. Winter Gardens was bought from its private owners and brought back into the public market and a contract with Merlin was made to include the Blackpool Tower with its other hosts of amusement parks. Additionally ? 300 million was spent in improving the state of Blackpool’s infrastructure. While the effort is helping Blackpool it isn’t increasing its status as a tourist destination. Instead of entering Rejuvenation Blackpool has entered a state of slowed decline.